解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Levels of oleic acid (OA) are elevated in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). OA is also widely used to provoke edema, by unknown mechanisms, in experimental models of ARDS. We investigated the impact of intravascularly applied OA on epithelial lining f...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200407-954OC
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Although local tissue activation of the endothelin (ET) system contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension, the impact of isolated chronic plasma hyperendothelinemia on the pulmonary circulation is unknown. METHODS:Mini-osmotic pumps were implanted in rats to deliver ET-1 during 7 or 28 days. A...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200403-340OC
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on serial lung function measurements performed in 142 children (68 males; 74 females) with cystic fibrosis (CF), prospectively evaluated over an age range of 6 to 20 years, we attempted to determine whether the lung clearance index (LCI) as a measure of ventilation inhomogeneities could be a discriminating facto...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200407-948OC
更新日期:2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sensitive measures of lung function applicable to young subjects are needed to detect early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Forty children with CF aged 2 to 5 years and 37 age-matched healthy control subjects performed multiple-breath inert gas washout, plethysmography, and spirometry. Thirty children in each group...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200407-895OC
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is associated with cardiovascular disease in adults, and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) has been proposed as a link between the two disorders. We hypothesized that children with sleep-disordered breathing have higher CRP values than do control subjects. CRP was measured in 39 ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200407-928OC
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Airway smooth muscle (ASM) accumulation and enrichment of the extracellular matrix (ECM) with type I collagen and fibronectin are major pathologic features of airway remodeling in asthma. These ECM components confer enhanced ASM proliferation in vitro, but a requirement for specific integrin ECM receptors has not been...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200408-1046OC
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma in adults may be associated with chronic airflow obstruction, possibly resulting from airway disease in early life and/or a greater rate of decline in lung function in adult life compared with those with asthma. Treatment and cigarette smoking may also influence the rate of decline of lung function. The aim of ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200402-230OC
更新日期:2005-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The blood beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test is used in medical surveillance to identify both beryllium sensitization and chronic beryllium disease. Approximately 50% of individuals with beryllium sensitization have chronic beryllium disease at the time of their initial clinical evaluation; however, the rate of p...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200402-190OC
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although considerable evidence indicates a role for CD4(+) T lymphocytes (T cells) in airway inflammation, little data exist regarding the mechanisms underlying the induction and regulation of CD4(+) T cell reactivity to lung-specific antigens. To dissect the immunologic and molecular mechanisms of CD4(+) T cell dysre...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-464OC
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lungs of newborn rats exposed to 60% oxygen for 14 days develop an injury that shares morphologic similarities to human bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Neutrophil influx into the lung, as part of an inflammatory response, may play a pivotal role in the development of BPD. A neutrophil chemokine, cytokine-induced...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200402-215OC
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been associated with several immune-related diseases, and VDR and vitamin D itself modulate T cell differentiation. VDR maps to chromosome 12q, near a region commonly linked to asthma. We evaluated VDR as part of a 12q positional candidate survey, and in response to observat...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-447OC
更新日期:2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The inflection points of the pressure-volume curve have been used for setting mechanical ventilation in patients with acute lung injury. However, the lung status at these points has never been specifically addressed. In 12 patients with early lung injury we traced both limbs of the pressure-volume curve by means of a ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200312-1644OC
更新日期:2004-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical significance of minimal acute rejection (grade A1) in lung transplant recipients is unknown. We prospectively analyzed 1,159 transbronchial lung biopsies in 184 patients. Two hundred seventy-nine biopsies in 128 participants confirmed A1 histology at a mean postoperative day of 229 +/- 340. Sixty four of ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200302-165OC
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunction of the muscles of ambulation contributes to exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Men with COPD have high prevalence of low testosterone levels, which may contribute to muscle weakness. We determined effects of testosterone supplementation (100 mg of testosterone enanthate i...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-617OC
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Current guidelines recommend that the clinician, radiologist, and pathologist work together to establish a diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Three clinicians, two radiologists, and two pathologists reviewed 58 consecutive cases of suspected idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Each participant was provided...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200402-147OC
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Small airway disease is thought to contribute significantly to functional impairment caused by asthma. Functional evidence of airway-parenchyma uncoupling in asthma, such as loss of deep breath bronchodilator effect in bronchoconstrictive episodes and enhanced airway closure, has been previously demonstrated. Elastic ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200403-305OC
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic inflammation is present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which has been linked to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We determined the effects of oral and inhaled corticosteroids on serum markers of inflammation in patients with stable COPD. We recruited 41 patients with mild to moderate ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200404-543OC
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of methicillin resistance on morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from severe Staphylococcus aureus infections remains highly controversial. We analyzed a retrospective cohort of 97 patients with methicillin-susceptible and 74 patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ventilator-ass...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200403-346OC
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects the lungs. The etiology remains unclear; however, environmental, genetic, ethnic, and familial factors probably modify expression of the disease. As an example, African Americans are at greater risk of mortality and morbidity th...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.200308-1073WS
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective treatment of tuberculosis requires adherence to a minimum of 6 months treatment with multiple drugs. To improve adherence and cure rates, directly observed therapy is recommended for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. We compared treatment outcomes among all culture-positive patients treated for active...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200401-095OC
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simple tools for discrimination of lung tissues can be useful in a fast machine-aided diagnosis, for example, by tumor-specific microarrays. We demonstrate that an easy ratio technique, based on the expression levels of only two genes differentially expressed in lung tumor and normal lung samples, allows discriminatio...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200401-127OC
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory system compliance (Crs) in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) has been reported as decreased or not different compared with healthy control subjects; however, the reported measurements of Crs were "quasi-static" or by the single-breath occlusion technique, with all measurements limited to tidal lung volume,...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200401-132OC
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retrospective studies have suggested that combination antibiotic therapy for severe bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia may reduce mortality. We assessed this issue in a prospective, multicenter, international observational study of 844 adult patients with bacteremia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. The effect of combin...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1164/rccm.200311-1578OC
更新日期:2004-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Smoking is the major risk factor for chronic respiratory symptoms, but dietary factors may also play a role. Most studies of diet and lung disease have been cross-sectional and conducted in populations with a Western-style diet. We analyzed the relation between dietary intake at baseline and new onset of cough with ph...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200306-789OC
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggest that a nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and elevated arginase activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Although much attention has been directed toward measurements of exhaled NO in asthma, no studies to date have evaluated levels of plasma arginase or arginine, the substrate for NO p...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200309-1304OC
更新日期:2004-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Central airway obstruction is a problem facing all medical and surgical subspecialists caring for patients with chest diseases. The incidence of this disorder appears to be rising because of the epidemic of lung cancer; however, benign causes of central airway obstruction are being seen more frequently as well. The mo...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.200210-1181SO
更新日期:2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the apparent contradictions in vascular remodeling in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, we evaluated alveolar vascularity in relation to the various degrees of fibrosis in surgically biopsied lungs of usual interstitial pneumonia. Alveolar capillary endothelial cells were intensely...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200308-1111OC
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interleukin-1 cluster on human chromosome 2q12-2q14 harbors various promising candidate genes for asthma and other inflammatory diseases. We conducted a systematic association study with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in candidate genes situated in this cluster. Single-marker, two-locus and three-l...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200302-281OC
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis is the most common cause of death in patients in the intensive care unit. Genome-wide gene expression analysis can provide insights into the molecular alterations of sepsis. Total mRNA was extracted from the livers of 6 uninfected control mice and 60 septic mice after infusion of either live Escherichia coli or...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200211-1278OC
更新日期:2004-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Monocyte deactivation has been identified as a major factor of immunosuppression in sepsis and is associated with a loss of surface human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on circulating monocytes. Using flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we investigated this phenomeno...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200309-1329OC
更新日期:2004-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter (PM(2.5)) is associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in older and cardiac patients. Potential physiologic effects of in-vehicle, roadside, and ambient PM(2.5) were investigated in young, healthy, nonsmoking, male North Carolina Highway Patrol troopers. Nine troo...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200310-1463OC
更新日期:2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::To better understand strategies for recruiting and maintaining lung volume in acute lung injury, we examined relationships between steady-state lung volume and cumulative cyclic recruitment/derecruitment volume history and the quasi-static pressure-volume curve, in an animal saline lavage lung injury model. Small-volu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-614OC
更新日期:2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:KEYWORDS:Children as young as 6 years old can perform spirometry, yet the relationship between current asthma, lung function, and bronchial responsiveness has not been described at this age; 2,537 children from a community-based birth cohort were assessed at 6 years of age, with history (n = 2,141), physical examinatio...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200304-556OC
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reasoned that a prospective assessment of glucocorticoid withdrawal in subjects with asthma would provide insight into the basis for flares of the disease. We therefore enrolled 25 subjects with moderate persistent asthma and treated them for 30 days with inhaled fluticasone propionate (1,760 microg/day) followed b...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200208-960OC
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed clonal cell lines of human bronchial smooth muscle origin by retroviral transduction of temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large tumor (T) antigen. These cells show increased growth potential at 33 degrees C, but on shift to the nonpermissive temperature (39 degrees C), they show diminished or arrested...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200307-964OC
更新日期:2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Arousal is believed to be needed for upper airway opening in obstructive hypopneas-apneas, without compelling evidence to support this notion. The association may be incidental. I studied the temporal relation between arousal and opening and impact of arousal on flow response at opening in 82 patients (apnea-hypopnea ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200307-1023OC
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally accepted that tuberculosis results from a single infection with a single Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain. Such infections are thought to confer protective immunity against exogenous reinfection. In this study, a novel polymerase chain reaction method was developed to specifically identify M. tubercul...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-714OC
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is controversial whether mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator intrinsically dysregulate inflammation. We characterized passage 2 human tracheobronchial epithelial cell cultures morphologically and physiologically and determined whether cytokine production or nuclear factor-kappaB activat...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200207-765OC
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD14 influences postnatal switching of T helper cell responses. CD14 C-159T has been associated with altered CD14 and IgE levels in cross-sectional studies. Identifying whether associations vary with age requires data from children of the same age followed longitudinally over many years. In this study, an unselected p...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200302-278OC
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive pressure ventilation with large VTs has been shown to cause release of cytokines, including macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), a functional equivalent of human interleukin-8. The mechanisms regulating ventilation-induced cytokine production are unclear. Based on our previous in vitro model of lung cel...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-660OC
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00